The “Resource Recovery and Reuse in Refugee Settlements in Africa” project was carried out in 2019-2023 in six refugee camps and settlements and their surrounding host communities in Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda. To date, it involved over 3,600 households and reached over 200,000 people indirectly in Kenya and Uganda. Due to conflict, no actions were implemented in Ethiopia. The evidence-based findings from this work are applicable to other fragile landscapes likely to experience massive arrivals of migrants and refugees in the future.