This report presents a new approach to measuring refugee self-reliance that defines refugees as self-reliant if their consumption from nonhumanitarian sources exceeds the poverty line. To be self-reliant, it is not sufficient for refugees to have a standard of living above the poverty line. Self-reliance requires that refugees generate the income necessary to attain a locally relevant, minimum standard of living without relying on humanitarian aid. It necessitates that refugees generate sufficient income to pay for their consumption, giving self-reliance a welfare connotation and reflecting the necessity to be active in the labor market. Because the proposed measure is anchored in best practice for poverty measurement and uses the same welfare standard used for nationals, it ensures comparability with host populations while signaling that for welfare purposes, refugees are not treated differently from their hosts.