The report’s findings, outlined in this brief, shed light on the profiles of urban refugees, the sectors where they work or have potential to find decent livelihood opportunities, the key constraints currently limiting their inclusion and access to social protection, and the possible ways to tackle these. As refugee populations are dispersed within cities and often reluctant to come forward out of fear of legal repercussions, data on their profiles and opportunities is relatively scarce. To address this challenge, the ILO carried out a market systems assessment (MSA) based on the Approach to Inclusive Market Systems (AIMS) in which social protection considerations were streamlined.