Three months since the onset of the influx on 24 October, insecurity in northern and central Mali continue to drive sustained cross-border displacement into south-eastern Mauritania. Since the beginning of the influx, 9,643 refugees have been identified, with new arrivals continuing to be recorded across remote border areas in Hodh Chargui. The influx remains predominantly child- and family-based, with significant protection vulnerabilities identified among newly arrived refugees.While UNHCR and partners, in coordination with national authorities, continue efforts to identify, register and provide protection and life-saving assistance, geographic dispersion, access constraints and the fluid nature of movements mean that some refugees remain in hard-to-reach locations with limited information on available services. The persistence of arrivals indicates sustained and heightened protection needs requiring continued and scaled-up support.