Approximately 75% of the world’s refugees and displaced people live in the most climate-vulnerable countries, enduring drought, flooding, and extreme temperatures. Yet to date, there has been far too little discussion of how the international humanitarian and development community can better take climate risks into account when designing and implementing self-reliance programming. In 2024, the Refugee Self-Reliance Initiative (RSRI) conducted a pilot research project to explore how self-reliance programming can better account for climate risks and hazards, such as understanding how an extreme weather event like a flood impacts refugee self-reliance in a given context. The research asked, how can the effectiveness of self-reliance programming for refugees be increased given: • Knowledge about refugees’ current level of exposure to climate-related hazards, • Climate projections in particular regions and countries for the next 10, 20, 30 years and beyond, and • Existing vulnerabilities and capabilities of refu