This note is part of a study to measure self-reliance of refugees in Rwanda. The study comprises: (i) the development of a measurement tool to track a refugee household’s movement toward self-reliance...

This report summarizes the findings from a survey on sustainable livelihoods of refugees in Rwanda. The survey was designed to assess the living conditions, economic status, and overall well-being of ...

This paper gathers lessons from major development investments and reviews the broader evidence base on the inclusion of refugees and their host communities in national social protection programs in lo...

The refugee crisis in Africa is escalating, and pressures on host countries are mounting. The existing refugee response system thus already struggles to deliver acceptable outcomes for refugees; worse...

This report presents a new approach to measuring refugee self-reliance that defines refugees as self-reliant if their consumption from nonhumanitarian sources exceeds the poverty line. To be self-reli...

Outcomes-based financing (OBF) is an approach to results-based funding in which payments are at least partially linked to the achievement of outcomes. It can potentially transform government-led ...

Amid global economic uncertainty and limited fiscal space in the region, Sub-Saharan Africa's economic activity is showing some resilience, with projected growth gradually increasing over 2025-2027 pe...

The State of Social Protection Report 2025: The 2-Billion-Person Challenge documents advances and challenges to strengthening social protection and labor systems across low- and middle-income countrie...

The latest paper from PEI’s In Practice series, Financial Pathways toward Greater Resilience and Economic Inclusion, co-authored with World Vision, offers critical insights into how financial services...

This JDC literature review delves into recent research on forced displacement in Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Hungary, Kenya, Syria, Tanzania, Turkey, and Ukraine, featuring topics such...